Source notes

Primary sources checked September 14, 2026. A proposal, a company account of its current practice and an implemented independent arrangement require different evidence.

• Amodei’s full pacing proposal: the primary account of his proposed safeguards; reopened September 14.
• Altman’s Monday update: a company account of current practice.
• Musk’s peer-review proposal: read separately from his original endorsement.
• Sacks on caution and regulatory capture.
• Levie on delay and concentrated power.
• China’s September 14 foreign-ministry transcript: the basis for describing this response, not a forecast of Chinese conduct.

• Anthropic’s incident reassessment and METR agreement.